<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss version="2.0"
	xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"
	xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
	xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"
	xmlns:sy="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/syndication/"
		>
<channel>
	<title>Comments on: AIG: Before CDS, There Was Reinsurance</title>
	<atom:link href="http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/2009/04/aig-before-cds-there-was-reinsurance/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/2009/04/aig-before-cds-there-was-reinsurance/</link>
	<description>Macro Perspective on the Capital Markets, Economy, Geopolitics, Technology, and Digital Media</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Sat, 21 Nov 2009 22:45:03 -0500</lastBuildDate>
	<generator>http://wordpress.org/?v=2.8.5</generator>
	<sy:updatePeriod>hourly</sy:updatePeriod>
	<sy:updateFrequency>1</sy:updateFrequency>
		<item>
		<title>By: Trade prep: all quiet on the month end edition &#171; Mr. Unexpectedly</title>
		<link>http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/2009/04/aig-before-cds-there-was-reinsurance/comment-page-2/#comment-166499</link>
		<dc:creator>Trade prep: all quiet on the month end edition &#171; Mr. Unexpectedly</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 30 Apr 2009 03:30:59 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/?p=22986#comment-166499</guid>
		<description>[...] if you haven&#8217;t read Chris Whalen&#8217;s stunning and exhaustive piece on AIG, reinsurance and CDS swaps, and side-letter fraud from earlier this month, you&#8217;re [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] if you haven&#8217;t read Chris Whalen&#8217;s stunning and exhaustive piece on AIG, reinsurance and CDS swaps, and side-letter fraud from earlier this month, you&#8217;re [...]</p>
]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: davidgmills</title>
		<link>http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/2009/04/aig-before-cds-there-was-reinsurance/comment-page-2/#comment-160436</link>
		<dc:creator>davidgmills</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 07 Apr 2009 19:37:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/?p=22986#comment-160436</guid>
		<description>What if all the AIG CDSs had side letters and were never intended to be paid in the event of default?

Imagine how much money might have been passed through AIG to banks who never would  have even had the expectation of being paid for their loss?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>What if all the AIG CDSs had side letters and were never intended to be paid in the event of default?</p>
<p>Imagine how much money might have been passed through AIG to banks who never would  have even had the expectation of being paid for their loss?</p>
]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: Grumpy old coot</title>
		<link>http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/2009/04/aig-before-cds-there-was-reinsurance/comment-page-2/#comment-159599</link>
		<dc:creator>Grumpy old coot</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 04 Apr 2009 04:42:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/?p=22986#comment-159599</guid>
		<description>Chris, way to libel an entire industry.  Your explanation of how reinsurance works is naive and simplistic at best, and really plain wrong.  Then you go on to say that most reinsurance transactions are shams and illegal, citing a couple of old, well known instances of a couple of bad actors and then implying everyone in the industry does the same thing. Shame on you.

Like everywhere else in life, the majority of people are well meaning and ethical.  And then there are the people who aren&#039;t.  It&#039;s the way of the world unfortunately.  I have worked in the reinsurance industry for over 30 years, and I am very proud of what I and my colleagues do for a living.  Reinsurance performs an important function in the financing of risk - in it&#039;s many variations, including finite risk.  I also happen to know personnally the author of the FAI fax to Ajit Jain - he&#039;s a bad actor, and would probably act in an unethical manner no matter what industry he worked in.

I think the point of your article might have had a little more validity if you actually used facts instead of inuendos and smears.  Nice try.  You didn&#039;t do it.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Chris, way to libel an entire industry.  Your explanation of how reinsurance works is naive and simplistic at best, and really plain wrong.  Then you go on to say that most reinsurance transactions are shams and illegal, citing a couple of old, well known instances of a couple of bad actors and then implying everyone in the industry does the same thing. Shame on you.</p>
<p>Like everywhere else in life, the majority of people are well meaning and ethical.  And then there are the people who aren&#8217;t.  It&#8217;s the way of the world unfortunately.  I have worked in the reinsurance industry for over 30 years, and I am very proud of what I and my colleagues do for a living.  Reinsurance performs an important function in the financing of risk &#8211; in it&#8217;s many variations, including finite risk.  I also happen to know personnally the author of the FAI fax to Ajit Jain &#8211; he&#8217;s a bad actor, and would probably act in an unethical manner no matter what industry he worked in.</p>
<p>I think the point of your article might have had a little more validity if you actually used facts instead of inuendos and smears.  Nice try.  You didn&#8217;t do it.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: fistynuts</title>
		<link>http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/2009/04/aig-before-cds-there-was-reinsurance/comment-page-2/#comment-159470</link>
		<dc:creator>fistynuts</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 03 Apr 2009 18:07:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/?p=22986#comment-159470</guid>
		<description>Buying buildings insurance with a &#039;side letter&#039; saying I won&#039;t claim and still paying the premium would be pretty stupid, especially if I can get the same insurance elsewhere for the same price without the waiver.

AIG facilitated accounting manipulation with the &#039;side letters&#039;  given as examples, many banks facilitated Enrons transactions, but this facilitation was not fraudulent, and didn&#039;t bankrupt the banks.

In the fraud/incompetance debate, the risk was taken, if those in charge knew how big a bet it was, then they were fraudulent(although perhaps not in the legal sense unless they can be proven to have been deliberately misleading), if they didn&#039;t, then they were incompetent.

Damning in either case.

This article however is poor, arguing for a pre determined conclusion, and showing a clear lack of understanding of the CDS market.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Buying buildings insurance with a &#8217;side letter&#8217; saying I won&#8217;t claim and still paying the premium would be pretty stupid, especially if I can get the same insurance elsewhere for the same price without the waiver.</p>
<p>AIG facilitated accounting manipulation with the &#8217;side letters&#8217;  given as examples, many banks facilitated Enrons transactions, but this facilitation was not fraudulent, and didn&#8217;t bankrupt the banks.</p>
<p>In the fraud/incompetance debate, the risk was taken, if those in charge knew how big a bet it was, then they were fraudulent(although perhaps not in the legal sense unless they can be proven to have been deliberately misleading), if they didn&#8217;t, then they were incompetent.</p>
<p>Damning in either case.</p>
<p>This article however is poor, arguing for a pre determined conclusion, and showing a clear lack of understanding of the CDS market.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: Transor Z</title>
		<link>http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/2009/04/aig-before-cds-there-was-reinsurance/comment-page-2/#comment-159369</link>
		<dc:creator>Transor Z</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 03 Apr 2009 14:01:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/?p=22986#comment-159369</guid>
		<description>&lt;i&gt;Hank Greenberg testified before Congress yesterday that the failure of AIG would not have been a huge, systemic event. &lt;/i&gt;

Well, that was just an oblivious statement from Greenberg, wasn&#039;t it? Both on the insurance side and the FP side. But, assuming he really believes that, perhaps it illustrates THE core problem: that no one in positions of power -- companies, Congress, government agencies, auditors -- took TBTF/systemic risk seriously over the past decade.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><i>Hank Greenberg testified before Congress yesterday that the failure of AIG would not have been a huge, systemic event. </i></p>
<p>Well, that was just an oblivious statement from Greenberg, wasn&#8217;t it? Both on the insurance side and the FP side. But, assuming he really believes that, perhaps it illustrates THE core problem: that no one in positions of power &#8212; companies, Congress, government agencies, auditors &#8212; took TBTF/systemic risk seriously over the past decade.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: Chris Whalen</title>
		<link>http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/2009/04/aig-before-cds-there-was-reinsurance/comment-page-1/#comment-159350</link>
		<dc:creator>Chris Whalen</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 03 Apr 2009 13:18:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/?p=22986#comment-159350</guid>
		<description>To the post on CP hedging, I think some of the AIG CPs DID believe they were hedging, especially a lot of the &quot;non-dealer&quot; banks in the EU and Asia who face serious loss due to AIG.  But the key question, to me, is whether it was reasonable for these CPs to do business with AIG in the first place.  Many of the market participants I have interviewed on this issue concede that AIG was the dumbest guy in the room and that the dealers, who stood  between the CPs on these trades and COLLECTED A COMMISSION ON EACH TRADE, knew that AIG was doomed.  The dealers then ran to Uncle to get bailed out of their rancid CP risk exposure facing AIG at taxpayer expense. 

It is interesting to note that Hank Greenberg testified before Congress yesterday that the failure of AIG would not have been a huge, systemic event.  -- Chris </description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>To the post on CP hedging, I think some of the AIG CPs DID believe they were hedging, especially a lot of the &#8220;non-dealer&#8221; banks in the EU and Asia who face serious loss due to AIG.  But the key question, to me, is whether it was reasonable for these CPs to do business with AIG in the first place.  Many of the market participants I have interviewed on this issue concede that AIG was the dumbest guy in the room and that the dealers, who stood  between the CPs on these trades and COLLECTED A COMMISSION ON EACH TRADE, knew that AIG was doomed.  The dealers then ran to Uncle to get bailed out of their rancid CP risk exposure facing AIG at taxpayer expense. </p>
<p>It is interesting to note that Hank Greenberg testified before Congress yesterday that the failure of AIG would not have been a huge, systemic event.  &#8212; Chris</p>
]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: JackSparrow</title>
		<link>http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/2009/04/aig-before-cds-there-was-reinsurance/comment-page-1/#comment-159340</link>
		<dc:creator>JackSparrow</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 03 Apr 2009 12:47:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/?p=22986#comment-159340</guid>
		<description>I worked in international reinsurance for a long time and have seen sideletters, backdating of contracts etc etc. on a number of occasions.

As a matter of fact finite or financial reinsurance should not be considered illegal or fraudulent in the first place as long as these contracts are fully disclosed to regulators/auditors and are accounted for properly. I have personally tailored legitimate solutions for large international companies which were fully approved by regulators and vetted and accounted for per auditors instructions.

As in many other areas of business there are always black sheep who cheat and commit fraud such as in the HIH Insurance case referred to in the article. Fortunately the investigation was thorough and some the culprits were imprisoned for their deceit.

I hope to see similar actions by US courts.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I worked in international reinsurance for a long time and have seen sideletters, backdating of contracts etc etc. on a number of occasions.</p>
<p>As a matter of fact finite or financial reinsurance should not be considered illegal or fraudulent in the first place as long as these contracts are fully disclosed to regulators/auditors and are accounted for properly. I have personally tailored legitimate solutions for large international companies which were fully approved by regulators and vetted and accounted for per auditors instructions.</p>
<p>As in many other areas of business there are always black sheep who cheat and commit fraud such as in the HIH Insurance case referred to in the article. Fortunately the investigation was thorough and some the culprits were imprisoned for their deceit.</p>
<p>I hope to see similar actions by US courts.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: FromLori</title>
		<link>http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/2009/04/aig-before-cds-there-was-reinsurance/comment-page-1/#comment-159327</link>
		<dc:creator>FromLori</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 03 Apr 2009 11:33:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/?p=22986#comment-159327</guid>
		<description>p.s. Barry remember this?

FromLori Says: 
March 24th, 2009 at 1:48 pm
Unless someone forces them to tell us what our losses would be as citizens you might want to rethink the nationialization. I believe from what I have been able to uncover they are too big to save. Since they no longer pose a risk of systemic failure we should bail out now and let them fail!

How much does anyone really know? here..

http://www.siliconvalleywatcher.com/mt/archives/2008/10/the_size_of_der.php

No longer a systemic risk here…

http://features.csmonitor.com/economyrebuild/2009/03/22/can-us-let-aig-fail/

It was a giant fraudulant ponzi scheme to begin with let them take their licks they will bankrupt us otherwise!

Fraud here..

http://www.financialsense.com/editorials/engdahl/2009/0318.html

Public Risk here..

http://www.marketwatch.com/news/story/Public-has-more-risk-public/story.aspx?guid={3C374173-407C-4A88-9D76-436ECEE6116E}

Lori</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>p.s. Barry remember this?</p>
<p>FromLori Says:<br />
March 24th, 2009 at 1:48 pm<br />
Unless someone forces them to tell us what our losses would be as citizens you might want to rethink the nationialization. I believe from what I have been able to uncover they are too big to save. Since they no longer pose a risk of systemic failure we should bail out now and let them fail!</p>
<p>How much does anyone really know? here..</p>
<p><a href="http://www.siliconvalleywatcher.com/mt/archives/2008/10/the_size_of_der.php" rel="nofollow">http://www.siliconvalleywatcher.com/mt/archives/2008/10/the_size_of_der.php</a></p>
<p>No longer a systemic risk here…</p>
<p><a href="http://features.csmonitor.com/economyrebuild/2009/03/22/can-us-let-aig-fail/" rel="nofollow">http://features.csmonitor.com/economyrebuild/2009/03/22/can-us-let-aig-fail/</a></p>
<p>It was a giant fraudulant ponzi scheme to begin with let them take their licks they will bankrupt us otherwise!</p>
<p>Fraud here..</p>
<p><a href="http://www.financialsense.com/editorials/engdahl/2009/0318.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.financialsense.com/editorials/engdahl/2009/0318.html</a></p>
<p>Public Risk here..</p>
<p><a href="http://www.marketwatch.com/news/story/Public-has-more-risk-public/story.aspx?guid=" rel="nofollow">http://www.marketwatch.com/news/story/Public-has-more-risk-public/story.aspx?guid=</a>{3C374173-407C-4A88-9D76-436ECEE6116E}</p>
<p>Lori</p>
]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: FromLori</title>
		<link>http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/2009/04/aig-before-cds-there-was-reinsurance/comment-page-1/#comment-159322</link>
		<dc:creator>FromLori</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 03 Apr 2009 10:57:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/?p=22986#comment-159322</guid>
		<description>YOU WILL WANT TO CLICK ON THE LINK FINANCIAL NUKES IN THIS BLOG AND IT ALSO HAS INFORMATION ON ALLIANZ AND ALLSTATE LIKELY TO DEFAULT~

http://bluelori.blogspot.com/2009/04/oooh-just-wait-until-china-finds-out.html</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>YOU WILL WANT TO CLICK ON THE LINK FINANCIAL NUKES IN THIS BLOG AND IT ALSO HAS INFORMATION ON ALLIANZ AND ALLSTATE LIKELY TO DEFAULT~</p>
<p><a href="http://bluelori.blogspot.com/2009/04/oooh-just-wait-until-china-finds-out.html" rel="nofollow">http://bluelori.blogspot.com/2009/04/oooh-just-wait-until-china-finds-out.html</a></p>
]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: Anonymous Jones</title>
		<link>http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/2009/04/aig-before-cds-there-was-reinsurance/comment-page-1/#comment-159314</link>
		<dc:creator>Anonymous Jones</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 03 Apr 2009 06:18:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/?p=22986#comment-159314</guid>
		<description>I am troubled by a few of the comments above.

1.  &quot;Much of our known world is built on pillars of sand&quot; -- What troubles me about this is the implication that our *economy* is built upon pillars of sand.  I think that is a poor conclusion from the post above.  Economics is the study of the allocation of scarce resources.  There is a real economy here and in the rest of the world.  What has happened in the financial world the last few decades, especially as so well described and analyzed by Mr. Whalen, is that a huge transfer of wealth has occurred through sham transactions.  There is, in some general sense, a finite amount of wealth in the world, as judged by the amount of goods and services we can amass in total.  What these sham transactions did was to shift the wealth from participants in other sectors of the economy to participants in the financial sector.  This transfer of wealth has been exposed as especially egregious now that we see how many financiers (and their families) became extremely wealthy and then basically left the &quot;taxpayers&quot; with the bill.  This was an enormous transfer of wealth, and I am completely on board with Whalen&#039;s description of it as often being obtained through fraudulent means.   In one sense, the finance sector found a way to bury the risk, take huge profits from savers (and those who &quot;saved&quot; through pensions) by hiding that risk and convincing the general public that the risk did not exist, and then kept the gains once the risk blossomed into losses for the savers.  I understand that the economy is not exactly a zero sum game, but it is close enough that we should really be focused on who are the winners and who are the losers in any particular scheme rather than whether this was all built upon pillars of sand.

2.  &quot;Incompetence explains a lot more than conspiracy theories.&quot;  I have expounded upon this elsewhere, but there is a third explanation that I think explains a lot more than both incompetence and conspiracies.  No doubt there is enormous incompetence in all sectors (I see it every day), and no doubt many people collude in conspiratorial ways to defraud others, but what happens in a huge system like the financial sector (which includes hundreds of thousands of participants) is more subtle.  I&#039;ll pull a little Upton Sinclair on you, &quot;It is difficult to get a man to understand something when his job depends on not understanding it.&quot;  The explanation is, of course, not incompetence or conspiracy, but willful ignorance.  Each individual participant in the financial sector had little reason to ever question any assumptions as long as the system continued to make him rich.  There is no need to have an overt conspiracy or to be incompetent.  Millions upon millions of transactions slowly move the system to where those in control of the transaction extract maximum benefit; no conspiracy necessary.  You can see this everywhere in the system, down to subprime mortgage originators.  The money was great.  Why question the system that is making you rich?  The market rewarded those who pushed the envelope as far as possible, so the envelope kept getting pushed.  That&#039;s the market.  Unfortunately, those ultimately bearing the risk (savers, taxpayers, however you want to label them) did not have as strong a personal incentive on an individual basis to keep watch over the system, and thus, those in charge of the financial sector ran roughshod over the entire enterprise, extracting profits far in excess of any value generated by their actions.  I guess that&#039;s why economics text discuss the concept of market failure (sarcasm...).  So in addition to looking at who wins and who loses (as I noted in #1), we should always be looking at the incentives in any system.  When there are enormous incentives for each individual participant to cheat, the efficiency of any market breaks down.  That&#039;s one reason we enforce contracts through public courts.  It&#039;s also the reason we should regulate a system like Mr. Whalen has described above.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I am troubled by a few of the comments above.</p>
<p>1.  &#8220;Much of our known world is built on pillars of sand&#8221; &#8212; What troubles me about this is the implication that our *economy* is built upon pillars of sand.  I think that is a poor conclusion from the post above.  Economics is the study of the allocation of scarce resources.  There is a real economy here and in the rest of the world.  What has happened in the financial world the last few decades, especially as so well described and analyzed by Mr. Whalen, is that a huge transfer of wealth has occurred through sham transactions.  There is, in some general sense, a finite amount of wealth in the world, as judged by the amount of goods and services we can amass in total.  What these sham transactions did was to shift the wealth from participants in other sectors of the economy to participants in the financial sector.  This transfer of wealth has been exposed as especially egregious now that we see how many financiers (and their families) became extremely wealthy and then basically left the &#8220;taxpayers&#8221; with the bill.  This was an enormous transfer of wealth, and I am completely on board with Whalen&#8217;s description of it as often being obtained through fraudulent means.   In one sense, the finance sector found a way to bury the risk, take huge profits from savers (and those who &#8220;saved&#8221; through pensions) by hiding that risk and convincing the general public that the risk did not exist, and then kept the gains once the risk blossomed into losses for the savers.  I understand that the economy is not exactly a zero sum game, but it is close enough that we should really be focused on who are the winners and who are the losers in any particular scheme rather than whether this was all built upon pillars of sand.</p>
<p>2.  &#8220;Incompetence explains a lot more than conspiracy theories.&#8221;  I have expounded upon this elsewhere, but there is a third explanation that I think explains a lot more than both incompetence and conspiracies.  No doubt there is enormous incompetence in all sectors (I see it every day), and no doubt many people collude in conspiratorial ways to defraud others, but what happens in a huge system like the financial sector (which includes hundreds of thousands of participants) is more subtle.  I&#8217;ll pull a little Upton Sinclair on you, &#8220;It is difficult to get a man to understand something when his job depends on not understanding it.&#8221;  The explanation is, of course, not incompetence or conspiracy, but willful ignorance.  Each individual participant in the financial sector had little reason to ever question any assumptions as long as the system continued to make him rich.  There is no need to have an overt conspiracy or to be incompetent.  Millions upon millions of transactions slowly move the system to where those in control of the transaction extract maximum benefit; no conspiracy necessary.  You can see this everywhere in the system, down to subprime mortgage originators.  The money was great.  Why question the system that is making you rich?  The market rewarded those who pushed the envelope as far as possible, so the envelope kept getting pushed.  That&#8217;s the market.  Unfortunately, those ultimately bearing the risk (savers, taxpayers, however you want to label them) did not have as strong a personal incentive on an individual basis to keep watch over the system, and thus, those in charge of the financial sector ran roughshod over the entire enterprise, extracting profits far in excess of any value generated by their actions.  I guess that&#8217;s why economics text discuss the concept of market failure (sarcasm&#8230;).  So in addition to looking at who wins and who loses (as I noted in #1), we should always be looking at the incentives in any system.  When there are enormous incentives for each individual participant to cheat, the efficiency of any market breaks down.  That&#8217;s one reason we enforce contracts through public courts.  It&#8217;s also the reason we should regulate a system like Mr. Whalen has described above.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
</channel>
</rss>
